Poland's Feudal Fragmentation

The "Rozbicie Dzielnicowe" or "Feudal Fragmentation" began in 1138 following the death of Bolesław III Wrymouth, one of Poland's more notable monarchs. Bolesław III issued a testament that divided Poland into five hereditary provinces: Silesia, Greater Poland, Masovia, Sandomierz, and Kraków. Each of these provinces was intended to be ruled by one of his sons, with the eldest supposed to be the High Duke who would have authority over the other rulers and would hold Kraków, the capital. This High Duke would also be the one responsible for international diplomacy and military actions.